Coke is a hard, grey, and porous fuel with a high carbon content & few impurities. It is a solid material, made by destructive distillation of a mixture of low-ash & low-sulfur bituminous coals (metallurgical coal or coking coal) in special high temperature ovens in the absence of oxygen until a larger part of the volatile matter is driven off. It is an important industrial product, used generally in iron ore smelting. It is also used as fuel in blast furnace. It acts as a reducing agent and source of reducing CO gas, a source of heat, a filter of dust & soot, carburizer of hot metal and as a structural support material. Its strength is commonly measured by various drum strength indices for instance Micum, ASTM, Irsid and JIS whereas post-reaction and reactivity strength are measured by the CSR (Coke Strength after Reaction) and CRI (Coke Reactivity Index) tests.
The key properties are high porosity, high strength & hardness, high carbon content, and low amount of volatiles.
According to study, “Global Coke Market 2019 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2024” the key companies operating in the global coke market are ArcelorMittal, POSCO, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal, SunCoke Energy Inc., Tata Steel, United States Steel, JSW Group, Gujarat NRE Coke, BlueScope, Mid-Continent Coal and Coke Company, ABC Coke, Haldia Coke, Acrelor Mittal, Hickman Williams & Company, OKK Koksovny, A. S., Ansteel, Baosteel, Sunlight Coking, Wisco, Ennore Coke Limited, Taiyuan Coal Gasfication, Risun Group, Jiangxi BLACKCAT Carbon Black, Lubao-Group, Shanxi Coking Coal, Sino Hua-An International Berhad, Mechel Pao, Drummond Company, Inc., Mitsubishi Corp., Indika Energy, Arch Coal Inc., Rio Tinto, BHP Billiton, Anglo America, Teck Resources, Xstrata.
Based on type, coke market is segmented into blast furnace coke, buckwheat coke, nut coke, coke dust, coke breeze. Based on grade, market is segmented into high ash and low ash. The low ash segment dominates the market due to high demand from steel manufacturers. Based on methods, market is segmented into shaking sieve, hot strength of coke (gleeble devices), coke reactivity tests with Thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA) & Blast Furnace Simulator (BFS), Light optical microscopy (LOM) and coke graphitization degree (XRD) .In addition, based on application, market is segmented into cement, brick & glass manufacturing, power plant, paper & pulp, steel making, foundries & ferro-alloy productions and others.
The coke market is driven by increase in steel production, followed by rise in use of coke as an alternative to coal, increase in demand from various end-use industries, rapid urbanization, rise in government initiatives to promote the domestic manufacturing industry, and growth in energy demand. However, high operational costs of end-users and availability of raw material may impact the market. Moreover, increase in technological innovations is a key opportunity for market.
Based on geography, the Asian-Pacific region holds major share in coke market owing to growth in automotive production and presence of a large number of steel manufacturing plants in the region. The European and North-American regions are expected to witness higher growth rate due to implementation of antidumping duties on steel imports over the forecast period. It is anticipated that future of the market will be bright caused by increase in awareness about environmental concerns over the forecast period.
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